ISCSI initiators can be software-based and hardware based. An iSCSI initiator is configured on the client side and the iSCSI target is configured on the server side. Internet Small Computer Interface (iSCSI) is a network protocol that ensures the interaction of objects (initiators and targets) in the network for sharing data.
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Using NFS datastores is convenient when storing VM templates and ISO images for installing operating systems on virtual machines. VMware doesn’t support the following features when NFS v.4.1 is used: You can select which NFS version to use when creating a new NFS datastore. Two different NFS clients are used for connecting via NFS versions 3.0 and 4.1. ESXi contains a built-in NFS client that connects to an NFS server over TCP/IP. VMware vSphere ESXi 6.0 and higher ESXi versions support NFS 3.0 and NFS 4.1. NFS v4 works through firewalls and via the internet. NFS 4.0 and 4.1 use TCP over IPv4 as the standard. The oldest NFS versions work over UDP through the IP network, and the newer versions (NFS v2 and v3) can work over TCP and UDP. Standard network adapters with Ethernet interface and RJ-45 port can be used for implementing NFS shared storage. Next, the data is encapsulated into standard TCP or UDP data units and is transferred to the underlying layers of the OSI model. At this stage, the explanation of the NFS-specific layers is finished. Once the data unification is completed, the RPC service on the client side ensures the request of remote procedures and their execution on the server (providing features of the Session layer). When a client transmits data, the RPC client transforms the local data into a canonical form, and the server performs the inverse operation. XDR describes the unified and canonical form of data representation that doesn’t depend on the architecture of the computing system. RPC requests are transmitted to the XDR protocol (eXternal Data Representation) that works on the presentation layer and is the standard for data abstraction between platforms. Clients access files by sending Remote Procedure Call (RPC) requests to an NFS server for doing operations with files and directories on the NFS server. NFS is the protocol that operates at the application layer of the Open Systems Interconnect (OSI) model. Multiple threads for operations are supported. NFS v4.1 provides a mechanism to allow multiple users to share the same file and to ensure data consistency (parallel access). New features and improvements were added with each new version of NFS including features useful for virtualization storage. Version 4.2 is in development and has not been presented for use in production yet. As of writing this post, the latest implementation of NFS is version 4.1. NFS was developed by SUN Microsystems and the first version was presented in 1984. Network File System (NFS) is a network protocol that allows you to share files stored on a disk or a disk array of a server with other computers in the network. NFS vs iSCSI in VMware vSphere – the summary table.VMware NFS vs iSCSI - Raw Device Mapping.This blog post compares NFS vs iSCSI with a focus on using them in a VMware vSphere virtual infrastructure. However, NFS and iSCSI are attractive for small and medium-size datacenters used for VMware vSphere infrastructure because the hardware needed to configure file sharing with these sharing protocols is more affordable. Organizations deploying VMware vSphere in a large datacenter prefer using Fibre Channel (FC) or Fibre Channel over Ethernet (FCoE), which are costly.
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NFS vs iSCSI – which protocol should you choose for storing VMware VM files? This question usually comes up when you need to configure shared storage to store virtual machines (VMs) that must be migrated between ESXi hosts, for using clustering features, and when there are no free slots for attaching physical disks to the server. By Michael Bose NFS vs iSCSI for Accessing VM Data
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